The Positive and Negative Effects of Mongol Practice and...

Ruta Malsky 11-26-11 Pd 6 The Positive and Negative effects of Mongol Practice and Belief The Mongol empire was the world’s largest empire. The Mongol’s practices and beliefs had both positive and negative effects. The large Mongolian empire promoted communication and diversity; however, despite this positive effect, the Mongolian empire housed the deaths of many innocent people. In addition to this, the Mongol empire fostered various religions, but enforced the same practices on everyone, no matter what religion they may follow; this brought order amongst the Mongolian empire. The Mongolian empire was, and still is to this day, the largest empire known to man (Doc 1). Under the Mongolians, communication was immensely improved†¦show more content†¦After the Mongols would sack a city, they would drive out the city’s citizens and chop off their heads, and after the heads were they would sort the heads into piles: one for men, one for women, and then one for children (Doc 4). In so me cases they even buried people alive upside-down (Doc 5)! However, this document, document 5, may be biased. This document came from a Persian manuscript, so the Persians could have over exaggerated the strictness of the Mongols and portrayed them as wicked people. It is very possible that the Persians could have does this especially if they despised the Mongols for taking over their land. Very few people survived, if any were to have survived, then the survivors were most likely artisans or slaves, since the Mongols sought them out before they began to murder the city’s inhabitants with an axe (Doc 3). However, inhabitants of cities were not the only ones who suffered assassination; soldiers of the Mongolian army suffered manslaughter as well. In the Mongolian army there was a captain who oversaw ten soldiers, then there was a captain supervised one hundred soldiers, and so on (Doc.2). If a few men out of a group of ten were to run away, then all of the ten men would be p ut to death (Doc 2). Same applies to men in a group of one hundred; if ten men were to flee from a group of one hundred, then every man, from that group of one hundred men, would beShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of Science And Religion1564 Words   |  7 Pages1. Q) Compare and contrast the influence of science and religion in the development of humanity. Discuss both the positive and the negative. A) The systematic testing of observations, and the belief of something larger than ourselves, have been part of the human experience since time began. Both science and religion have influenced human thought and civilization. When a question could not be answered by time and observation, people fell back on spiritual explanationsRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Death1798 Words   |  8 Pagesthe European population was affected in both positive and negative ways. 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The Native American s Society - 919 Words

In the late 1400s, King Ferdinand sent Christopher Columbus on a voyage to find a western sea route to Asia, with the purpose of finding resources for the kingdom. With the greed of treasure in mind, they set sail and stumbled upon new land, the land of the Native Americans where there was a plethora of resources. These new people were a different skin color, worshiped a different god, and were technologically inadvanced, consequently creating a shade of condescension within the Europeans. Thus giving the notion that these Native Americans were not people, and were not to be treated as such, making it virtually impossible for these two cultures to peacefully cohabit. Hispaniola was where the reign of the Europeans over the New World began, proving to become detrimental to the Native American’s society. The Europeans didn’t consider these Native Americans as people, more as an object and a resource themselves. They ignored the fact that the Native Americans let them come with open hands and took complete advantage over them. Bartolomà © De Las Casas, who was one of Europe’s most eloquent apologist for Native American rights, discusses how abusive the Europeans were in this quick narration: â€Å"They began their subjection of the women and children, taking them away from the Indians to use them and ill use them, eating the food they provided with their sweat and toil. The Spaniards did not content themselves with what the Indians gave them of their own free will, according toShow MoreRelatedImmigration Through The Late 1800 s And Early 1900 S1045 Words   |  5 Pageslate 1800’s and early 1900’s created nativism throughout the United States. Millions of immigrants flocked to the United States trying to find a better way of life to be able to support their families. Industrialization in the United States provided a labor source for the immigrants. Native born Americans believed immigrants were a â€Å"threat to the American way of life† (ATF chapter 11) Social and economic fault lines developed between natives and immigrants, through out the late 1800’s and early 1900’sRead MoreThe Chicago Blackhawks, Washington Redskins, Cleveland1 379 Words   |  6 PagesChiefs, and Atlanta Braves are all professional sport teams in America that use Native American culture to represent them through the means of tribe names, logos, and mascots. These teams have received a lot of media attention around the debate on if the representation of Native Americans is offensive or not. Controversy surrounding Native American mascots first came into the public eye during the 1960s Native American Civil Rights movement, where the use of these mascots was criticized for beingRead MoreAnalysis Of Colin Calloway s The First Colonies 1539 Words   |  7 Pagesthe New World nor the Native Americans were considered monolithic. 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The film collected a few grant designations from the Political Film Society. Thunder heart, Ray Levoi changes his previous social personality of being F.B.I. Specialists toRead MoreChristopher Columbus : A Dominant Figure1366 Words   |  6 Pagescolonies came to North America, trying to find new chances for lives. However, there is no doubt that sacrifice was made by specific group of people, especially native Americans. European shared Native American’s resources, occupied their lands, forced them to be slaves, as well as brought diseases, which caused that millions of Native Americans died during that era. With the study of history about European colonies’ settlement, I would like to compare both negative and positive influence that European

Polarization In The Political System Essay Example For Students

Polarization In The Political System Essay Polarization in the Political SystemOn Tuesday, November 14, 1995, in what has been perceived as the years biggest non-event, the federal government shut down all non-essential services due to what was, for all intents and purposes, a game of national chicken between the House Speaker and the President. And, at an estimated cost of 200 million dollars a day, this dubious battle of dueling egos did not come cheap (Bradsher, 1995, p.16). Why do politicians find it almost congenitallyimpossible to cooperate? What is it about politics and power that seemto always put them at odds with good government? Indeed, is an effective, well run government even possible given the current adversarial relationship between our two main political parties? It would seem that the exercise of power for its own sake, and a competitive situation in which one side must always oppose the other on any issue, is incompatible with the cooperation and compromise necessary for the government to function. As the Un ited States becomes more extreme in its beliefs in general, group polarization and competition, which requires a mutual exclusivity of goal attainment, will lead to more showdown situations in which the goal of good government gives way to political posturing and power-mongering. In this paper I will analyze recent political behavior in terms of twofactors: Group behavior with an emphasis on polarization, and competition. However, one should keep in mind that these two factors are interrelated. Group polarization tends to exacerbate inter-group competition by driving any two groups who initially disagree farther apart in their respective views. In turn, a competitive situation in which one side must lose in order for the other to win (andpolitical situations are nearly always competitive), will codify thedifferences between groups leading to further extremism by those seeking power within the group and thus, to further group polarization. In the above example, the two main combatants, Bill Clinton and Newt Gingrich, were virtually forced to take uncompromising, disparate views because of the very nature of authority within their respective political groups. Group polarization refers to the tendency of groups to gravitate to the extreme of whatever opinion the group shares (Baron Graziano, 1991, p.498-99). Therefore, if the extreme is seen as a desirable characteristic, individuals who exhibit extreme beliefs will gain authority through referent power. In other words, they will have characteristics that other group members admire and seek to emulate (p. 434). Unfortunately, this circle of polarization and authority can lead to a bizarre form of one-upsmanship in which each group member seeks to gain power and approval by being more extreme than the others. The end result is extremism in the pursuit ofauthority without any regard to the practicality or reasonableness of the beliefs in question. Since the direction of p olarization is currently in opposite directions in our two party system, it is almost impossible to find a common ground between them. In addition, the competitive nature of the two party system many times eliminates even the possibility of compromise since failure usually leads to adevastating loss of power. If both victory and extremism are necessary to retain power within the group, and if, as Alfie Kohn (1986) stated in his book No Contest: The Case Against Competition, competition is mutually exclusive goal attainment (one side must lose in order for the other to win), then compromise and cooperation are impossible (p. 136). This is especially so if the opponents are dedicated to retaining power at all costs. That power is an end in itself is made clear by the recentshutdown of the government. It served no logical purpose. Beyondcosting a lot of money, it had no discernible effect except as a power struggle between two political heavyweights. According to David Kipnis (1976, ci ted in Baron Graziano, 1991), one of the negative effects of power is, in fact, the tendency to regard it as its own end, and to ignore the possibility of disastrous results from the reckless use of power (p. 433). Therefore, it would seem that (at least in this case) government policy is created and implemented, not with regard to its effectiveness as government policy, but only with regard to its value as a tool for accumulating and maintaining power. Another of Kipniss negative effects of power is the tendency to use it for selfish purposes (p.433). In politics this can be seen as the predilection towards making statements for short term political gain that are either nonsensical or contradictory to past positions held by the candidates themselves. While this may not be the use of actual power, it is an attempt to gain political office (and therefore power) without regard for the real worth or implications of a policy for good government. The Scarlet Pimpernel EssayReferencesBaron, B.M., Graziano, W.G. (1991). Social Psychology. Fort Worth,TX. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Bradsher, K. (1995, November 18). Country may be losing money withgovernment closed. The New York Times, pp.16Kohn, A. (1986). No Contest: The Case Against Competition. Boston,Houghton Mifflin. No Author. (1995, March 24). internet What Wilson has said aboutentering race. San Jose Mercury News Online. Address:http://www.sjmercury.com/wilson/wil324s.htmThurm, S. (1995, August 29). internet Wilsons announcement moreof an ad: California governor kicks off drive for GOP presidential nomination. San Jose Mercury News Online. Address:http://www.sjmercury.com/wilson/wil829.htmTurgue, B., ; Thomas, E. (1995, November 27). Missing the moment. Newsweek, pp.26-29.

Systemic Leadership

Leadership is a role and is not usually based on an individual’s genetic make up. People often confuse leadership with the occupation of certain positions of authority. This is however not the case as there are many individuals who hold no positions of authority yet they make a big impact when it comes to the concept of leadership. Some of those in such positions may on the contrary not exert much influence on their subjects.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Systemic Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Humans usually decide on the way to influence others by persuading them, issuing of rewards, administering punishment, enacting rule, emotionally appealing to them and many more (Bennis, 1984). Leadership is usually based on ethics. A leader can only be considered effective if he/she considers morality in leadership. The person has to be able to distinguishing right from wrong and do that which is per ceived as right. A leader is supposed to create conditions under which the subordinates will find it appropriate to exist; â€Å"A leader is a person who has an unusual degree of power to create the conditions under which other people must live and move and have their being, conditions that can either be as illuminating as heaven or as shadowy as hell. A leader must take special responsibility for what is going on inside his or her own self, inside his or her consciousness, lest the act ofAdvertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More leadership create more harm than good (Johnson, 2004). At community and civic level, the capability of someone to lead is usually based on the ability of that person to acknowledge the fact there is the positive and negative side of leadership. The positive side can be equated to the ability of a leader to undertake his/her role as a leader while considering hi gh ethical standards, the negative or shadow side of leadership can be compared to the negative traits such as greed and hatred. Facing the negative side usually minimizes the chance for abuse of power. A leader must be able to address the leadership challenges which include power and the privileges that come with it, issues of deception, ensuring that he/she is consistent, loyal and responsible. The way one addresses such issues determines whether such a person has the capability of becoming a good leader or a bad one at the community or civic level (Coles, 2000). Leadership is usually based on the ability of a person to be truthful to the seniors, colleagues, juniors as well as other parties that might require the person to attend to them. The person must treat others with fairness. The he/she should treat the subordinates in the most appropriate way like giving them the right and relevant information that is needed for them to effectively perform their duties. One with leadership qualities must be able to offer constructive criticism and not to use criticism as a means of pinning others down. The person should be motivational and compliment others where possible. Effective leadership has to be based on mutual respect and not dominative whereby the others are perceived as inferior (Allen, 2000). Deception usually has detrimental effects on the leadership as it erodes the trust that exists between the leader and subjects. It is the root cause of shadow leadership where truth is held back and deception becomes the order of the day. Effective leadership has to be cautious of the image that it portrays to the subjects as this in the long run influences the perceptions that people have towards the leadership. Leaders need to project ethical issues to the subjects so as to help build trust and confidence. The leaders need to be cautious of the verbal and non-verbal communication that they portray to the rest of the people:Advertising We will write a custom es say sample on Systemic Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"Patterns of deception, whether they take the form of outright lies hiding or distorting information destroys the trust that binds leaders and fellows together (Johnson, 2004).† Leadership has to encompass loyalty and the right decision making. A leader should put the interests of the community first before considering personal interests. Good leadership need not to be characterized by betrayal or misplaced loyalties. It would be very disloyal for instance if a leader assured the subjects that the organization is quite well while the reality is that the organization is headed towards collapse: â€Å"In addition to their duties to employees and stakeholders, they must consider their obligation to their families, local communities, professions, larger society, and the environment. Noteworthy leaders put the needs of the larger community above self interests (Johnson, 2004).† Communities in smaller towns in rural areas and its needs play a very significant role in the shaping of the community type and effective civic leaders. Such communities put a lot of value to family life and social responsibility hence shaping up leaders that have family values and are generally responsible. Such communities raise leaders who have high moral standards. Communities in such towns have a lot of attachment to their families as opposed to those in large metropolitan cities which are characterized by individualism. Communities in smaller towns that are near rural areas put a lot of emphasis on loyalty to whatever group that one is affiliated to. In such cases therefore, they help in shaping up leaders who would be loyal to the people as well as to his/her work. Such leaders have no problems of betrayal or misplaced loyalties. Most of the communities are characterized by selflessness. Most of them share whatever they have with the other members of t he community. This helps to shape up leaders who are not self-centered but those who put the priorities of the communities fast. Lager metropolitan cities and towns on the other hand are characterized by the policy of ‘everyone for himself’ and this helps to encourage selfish traits in leadership. People get into leadership positions to be served and gain instead of serving and giving. Most of the communities in small towns near rural areas carry out their activities together ass opposed to those in metropolitan cities. This encourages teamwork and in the long run help in raising leaders who are team players and who know the significance of every group member hence treating each member with the dignity that he/she deserves.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The rural setting plays a very significant role in eliminating vices that are associated with leadership positions like the abuse of power, pride and greed, deception, inconsistency in the treatment of people, betrayal and misplaced loyalties and irresponsibility. This is because the communities have smaller populations which demand for greater accountability of the leaders as well as greater responsibility (Drath, 2001). Reference List Allen, K. (2000). Systemic Leadership: Enriching the Meaning of Our Work. Lanham: University Press of America. Bennis, W. N. (1984). Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge. San Francisco: Harper Row. Coles, R. (2000). Lives of Moral Leadership. New York: Random House. Drath, W. (2001). The Deep Blue Sea: Rethinking the Source of Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Johnson, G. (2004). Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light and  shadow (2 ed.). Carlifornia: Sage. This essay on Systemic Leadership was written and submitted by user Hugo E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.